Bj�rkelo, Anders J. State and Society in Three Central Sudanic
Kingdoms: Kanem-Bornu, Bagirmi, and Wadai. Bergen,
Norway: University of Bergen, 1976.
Brenner, Louis. The Shehus of Kukawa. Oxford: Clarendon
Press, 1973.
Buijtenhuijs, Robert. Le Frolinat et les r�voltes populaires du
Tchad, 1965-1976. The Hague: Mouton, 1978.
Cordell, Dennis D. Dar al-Kuti and the Last Years of the
Trans-Saharan Slave Trade. Madison: University of
Wisconsin Press, 1985.
------. "Extracting People from Precapitalist Production: French
Equatorial Africa from the 1890s to the 1930s." Pages 137-52
in Dennis D. Cordell and Joel W. Gregory (eds.), African
Population and Capitalism: Historical Perspectives.
Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1987.
Curtin, Philip, Steven Feierman, Leonard Thompson, and Jan Vansina.
African History. Boston: Little, Brown, 1978.
Decalo, Samuel. Historical Dictionary of Chad. (2d ed.)
Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press, 1987.
------. "Regionalism, Political Decay, and Civil Strife in Chad,"
Journal of Modern African Studies [London], 18, No.
1, March 1980, 23-56.
Fisher, H.J. "The Central Sahara and Sudan." Pages 58-141 in
Richard Gray (ed.), The Cambridge History of Africa,
4. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975.
------. "The Eastern Maghrib and Central Sudan." Pages 232-330 in
Roland Oliver (ed.), The Cambridge History of Africa,
3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
Foltz, William J. Chad's Third Republic: Strengths, Problems,
and Prospects. (CSIS Africa Notes, No. 77.) Washington:
Center for Strategic and International Studies, 1987.
July, Robert W. A History of the African People. New York:
Scribner's, 1980.
Kelley, Michael P. A State in Disarray: Conditions of Chad's
Survival. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1986.
Lanne, Bernard. Tchad-Libye: La querelle des fronti�res.
Paris: Karthala, 1982.
Le Cornec, Jacques. Histoire politique du Tchad de 1900 �
1962. Paris: Libraire g�n�rale de droit et de
jurisprudence, 1963.
Lemarchand, Ren�. "Chad: The Misadventures of the North-South
Dialectic," African Studies Review, 29, No. 3,
September 1986, 27-41.
Levtzion, Nehemia. "The Sahara and the Sudan from the Arab Conquest
of the Maghrib to the Rise of the Almoravids." Pages 637-84 in
J.D. Fage (ed.), The Cambridge History of Africa, 2.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
Rondos, Alex. Why Chad? (CSIS Africa Notes, No. 18.)
Washington: Center for Strategic and International Studies,
1983.
Thompson, Virginia M., and Richard Adloff. Conflict in
Chad. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
------. The Emerging States of French Equatorial Africa.
Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1960.
Weinstein, Brian. Ebou�. New York: Oxford University
Press, 1972.
Zeltner, Jean-Claude. Pages d'histoire du Kanem: Pays
tchadien. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1980.
